Q1 2026
VUKA.
Section 8 · The Hidden Crisis

The skills mismatch

South Africa has one of the world's highest rates of educational mismatch. Being qualified does not mean being qualified for what the economy needs.

25%
Over-educated
Degree exceeds role requirements
27%
Under-educated
Skills below role requirements
50%+
Total mismatch
OECD comparison
#1 worst
Of 30 countries
Including India and Russia

Source: GTAC / National Treasury · The Conversation 2021 · Mncayi & Dunga 2016

"

60% of 2023 matriculants chose Mathematical Literacy over Pure Mathematics — locking themselves out of engineering, actuarial science, data science and medicine. The single biggest self-inflicted barrier to high-employment outcomes.

DHET Annual Report 2023/24

Mismatch by field of study

FieldStudy-related jobsAvg job-searchSupply
Medical Sciences / Health
90%+
Immediate–3moUndersupply
Engineering & Technology
88%
1–4moUndersupply
Natural Sciences
85%
2–5moUndersupply
Accounting & Finance
84%
2–4moBalanced
Information Technology
82%
1–3moUndersupply
Education / Teaching
80%
3–9moGovt-dependent
Business / Commerce
75%
4–8moIncreasing competition
Humanities & Arts
73.9%
Up to 19mo (pub admin)Oversupply
Economics / Mgmt Sciences
73%
5–10moCompetitive
Social Sciences
65–70%
12–19moHigh mismatch risk
Public Management
65%
~19mo avgSevere mismatch

Source: GTAC Employment Experiences of SA Graduates · DHET Post-School Monitoring 2019 · Mncayi & Dunga 2016